The third report of the National Center for Public Lands Counties (NCPLC) provides foundational information on wildlife habitat connectivity for public lands county leaders including an introduction to the wildlife habitat connectivity concept, an overview of the land use planning tools counties can use to reduce human-wildlife conflict and an examination of county authority and the role counties play as intergovernmental partners in wildlife habitat connectivity planning.

As stewards of landscapes where federal public lands and private development intersect, public lands counties face growing pressure to manage wildlife habitat connectivity with limited planning resources and tools. Wildlife habitat fragmentation drives vehicle-wildlife collisions that cost the nation more than $8 billion annually, strain local emergency response and undermine the outdoor recreation and hunting economies that many public lands counties depend on. Understanding the land use planning frameworks available at the county level is essential to informed decision making on public safety, economic development and long-term landscape health.

The report identifies practical planning tools counties can use including comprehensive plans, zoning ordinances, overlay zones, resource management plans and voluntary conservation programs. It also draws on five case studies to illustrate how public lands counties are putting these tools into practice: San Diego County, Calif.; Routt County, Colo.; Kane County, Utah; Albemarle County, Va.; and Teton County, Wyo.

Download the Primer

GettyImages-1432990358.jpg

National Center for Public Lands Counties

The NACo Center for Public Lands Counties advances research, policy and collaboration to help counties with federal lands address unique challenges and strengthen local outcomes.

Learn more

Related Analysis, Reports & Toolkits

Explore the Resource Library for our latest reports, analysis, toolkits and more.

Related News

Union County, Ore. Commissioner Paul Anderes and Grace Donovan, executive director of Eastern Oregon University’s Rural Engagement and Vitality Center, present their Rural Leaders for Economic Mobility capstone project in May 2026. Photo by Charlie Ban
County News

Innovating Solutions Together: Turning Ideas into Results  

NACo CEO Matt Chase: "Every one of these counties started in the same place: a local vision, followed by a search for ideas. NACo builds the networks that connect county officials and other experts." 

electricity
County News

Counties play a growing role in the fight to lower utility costs for residents

County governments rarely have a direct role in the energy market, but a new NACo report finds that counties can often be most effective as advocates, helping lower residents’ utility costs by leveraging state programs, local partnerships and outreach.

2165857864
Advocacy

U.S. Senate advances Bipartisan American Affordability and Jobs Act in initial procedural vote

On Nov. 9, the U.S. Senate advanced the Bipartisan American Affordability and Jobs Act (S. 5653) through a successful vote to invoke cloture. The 73-25 vote sets up further debate and consideration in the chamber.

USDA Building
Advocacy

U.S. Department of Agriculture announces reorganization

On July 24, 2026, U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Brooke Rollins announced a major reorganization of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) that will relocate thousands of federal employees, restructure regional offices and consolidate administrative services and operations. The changes are expected to reduce USDA’s footprint in Washington, D.C. and shift more personnel to regional hubs across the country. 

Workers inspect equipment inside a Crusoe data center. Photo courtesy of Crusoe
County News

Are we building tomorrow’s infrastructure or yesterday’s data centers?

Counties can still welcome data center development, but they need to understand what the landscape is becoming. The machinery, the efficiency, the location, the cooling technology, the entire computing model will all be different.

Mason County, W.Va. Commissioner Rick Handley speaks to NACo Annual Conference attendees. Photo by Charlie Ban
County News

County leaders push for a voice in data center regulation authority

County officials in states like West Virginia and Texas are limited in their ability to regulate data centers while still held accountable by their residents.